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2019-宋洁:现代社会技术化的哲学反思
  作者:马保玉    文章来源:本站原创    点击数:    更新时间:2019-12-21    
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   目:现代社会技术化的哲学反思

答 辩 人:宋  洁

指导老师:王伯鲁

答辩时间:2019.5.13

 

 

导论

0.1研究背景

0.1.1现代社会技术化的内涵

0.1.2现代社会技术化的表现

0.1.3现代社会技术化的优越性

0.1.4现代社会技术化的衍生效应

0.2 文献综述

0.3 论文框架

0.4 论文的创新点及意义

1章 现代社会技术化的生发场域

1.1 社会技术与社会技术化

1.1.1 追问社会技术

1.1.2 作为技术的“社会技术”

1.1.3 社会技术系统

1.1.4 从“有序社会”到“技术社会”

1.2 现代社会技术化的内部机理

1.2.1现代社会技术化的路径

1.2.2现代社会技术化的模式

1.2.3现代社会技术化的演进规律

1.3 现代社会技术化的社会条件

1.3.1 社会的分化

1.3.2 社会的科层化

1.3.3 社会的法治化

1.3.4 经济的货币化

2章 现代社会技术化的历史演进

2.1 起步阶段

2.1.1 自然技术基础:蒸汽技术

2.1.2 生产组织形态:工厂

2.1.3 生产流程形态:工厂制

2.2 建制化时期

2.2.1 自然技术基础:电力技术

2.2.2 生产组织形态:垄断组织

2.2.3 生产流程形态:泰勒制、福特制

2.3 全球化时代

2.3.1 自然技术基础:信息技术

2.3.2 生产组织形态:跨国公司

2.3.3 生产流程形态:温特制

2.4 智能时代

2.4.1 自然技术基础:智能技术

2.4.2 生产组织形态:智能工厂

2.4.3 生产流程形态:个性化订制

3章 现代社会技术化的多重效应

3.1 现代社会技术化的合理性

3.1.1 社会技术对自然技术的规范

3.1.2 社会技术对人的全面塑造

3.1.3 现代社会技术化助力社会现代化

3.2 风险社会的来临

3.2.1 风险社会

3.2.2 技术风险:技术预测和技术应用的二律背反

3.2.3 信息泄漏

3.2.4 信任危机

3.3 人的技术化生存

3.3.1 信息爆炸:选择的焦虑

3.3.2 无处不在的“摄像头”:被规训的肉体

3.3.3 技术人or机器人:人类思维的技术化

4章 现代社会技术化的文化调适

4.1 伦理调适

4.1.1 从“以道驭术”到“道术冲突”

4.1.2 “道术协同”的可能性:技术的社会建构性

4.1.3 技术工作者的责任:负责任创新

4.2 法律规约

4.2.1 伦理与效率的结合:以生命技术法律的颁布为例

4.2.2 科技政策的法律化

4.2.3 技术伦理的法律化

4.3 教育体系的完善

4.3.1 构建终身教育

4.3.2 重视职业教育

4.4 现代人的文化重塑

4.4.1 直面人之为人之“思”

4.4.2 构建人类生态化生存

4.4.3 恢复人的文化性

结束语

5.1 现代社会技术化追求高效和精确

5.2 现代社会技术化造成了技术与文化的冲突

5.3 现代社会技术化中社会技术与自然技术发展失衡

5.4 技术文化系统的建构:以媒介技术为例

参考文献

致谢

 

 

 

社会技术化作为一种社会运行的模式,起始于人类社会诞生之初,但那一时期它建立在传统技术基础之上,发展速度过于缓慢,水平也较为低下,没有形成一个科学、稳定的体系。工业革命的爆发加速了这一进程,在迅猛发展的现代技术基础之上,社会技术化的程度显著增强,进入了现代社会技术化阶段。现代社会技术化主要表现在两个方面:首先,现代社会的运行高度依赖技术,技术在社会中居于支配地位;其次,社会技术日趋理性和完善。社会以技术化的方式运行,其高效性和有序性超越以往任何一个社会,在促进社会发展的同时也成为众多社会问题的聚集点。本论文聚焦工业革命以来的社会技术化现实,在广泛吸收国内外相关研究成果的基础上,站在哲学的角度反思这一进程,将其置于技术哲学、经济学、社会学等理论视野下进行剖析,力图描绘出现代社会技术化的生发场域及其演进历程,通过其内部运作机理的探究来论证其合理性并分析其衍生效应,最后从文化角度探寻现代社会技术化的调适之道。

第一章主要介绍了现代社会技术化的生发场域。现代社会技术化是自然技术和社会技术共同发展的结果,其发展经历了两个阶段:有序社会和技术社会。现代社会技术化遵循一定的规律演进,在发展和扩散的过程中形成了不同的路径和模式。社会的分化、管理的科层化、社会的法治化以及经济的货币化成为支撑现代社会技术化的重要社会条件。

第二章回顾了现代社会技术化的历史演进。现代社会技术化建立在现代技术基础之上,其发展经历了起步阶段、建制化时期、全球化时代以及智能化时代四个阶段。社会技术化程度最高、发展最快的是在经济领域,在不同的自然技术基础上,构建起经济领域内不同的组织形态以及流程形态,形成不同时期的社会技术系统。这些社会技术形态体现出技术的特征和属性,极大得提高了经济效益。社会技术系统在经济领域内取得成效后,会迅速扩展至其他社会领域,带动整个社会技术系统发生变革,从而塑造出不同时代社会技术化的面貌。

第三章主要分析现代社会技术化的多重效应。现代社会技术化遵循一定的技术理念构建,按照一定的技术规则运行,其高效性和有序性超越以往任何一个社会。无论是从现实的发展来看还是从理论层面分析,现代社会技术化都有其合理性。但现代社会技术化是一个复杂的过程,在便捷、高效的同时也衍生出一系列负效应,主要表现在两个方面:风险社会的到来和人的技术化问题。风险社会是现代社会发展的新阶段,其中技术风险的存在既是其到来的原因,也构成了这一社会的基本特征。现代人的技术化问题主要表现信息媒介高度发达的今天,人们被湮没在信息的洪流之中,饱受信息选择的焦虑;随处可见的摄像头将人类的行为归置于技术体系中,在深陷恐惧的同时,成为被规训的肉体;智能技术的进步,人的物化程度加深,对技术的依赖致使人类思维日趋技术化。

第四章主要探寻现代社会技术化的调适之道。现代社会技术化过程中衍生出的负效应主要是由技术理性的过度扩张以及社会技术的发展滞后带来的。技术理性在扩张的过程中,造成了技术与文化的冲突,技术的发展背离了文化的方向,此时社会技术的滞后使其无法形成对自然技术的有效约束,从而产生了一系列社会问题,所以从文化的角度探寻现代社会技术化的调适之道成为必然。具体从伦理调适、法律规约、教育体系的完善以及人的文化重塑四个方面对自然技术以及人的生存进行适当的调适。

 

关键词:社会技术;社会技术化;风险社会;人的技术化;文化调适

 

Abstract

 

As a social operation mode, social technicalization began at the birth of human society. However, in that period, it was established on the basis of traditional technology, and its development was slow and low, without forming a scientific and stable system. The outbreak of the industrial revolution accelerated this process. On the basis of the rapid development of modern technology, the degree of social technicalization was significantly enhanced and entered the stage of modern social technicalization. Modern social technicalization is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, the operation and development of modern society highly rely on technology, technology is in the dominant position in society; Secondly, social technology is becoming more rational and perfect. Society operates in a technical way, which is more efficient and orderly than any previous society. It has become the focus of many social problems while promoting social development. This paper focus on the modern society since the industrial revolution, on the basis of widely absorbing domestic and foreign related research, and stand in the height of philosophical reflection on the process, place it in the perspective of technology philosophy, economics, sociology and other theories. This paper attempts to depict environment and condition of modern social technicalization. Through the exploration of its internal operation to demonstrate its rationality and analyze its derivative effect, At last, tries to find the way to adjust the modern social technology from the two aspects: remolding of cultural environment and the improvement of social technology.

 

The first chapter mainly explain the environment and condition of modern social technicalization. Social technicalization develops continuously on the basis of continuous improvement of social technology system. Its development has gone through two stages: orderly society and technical society. Modern technological society follows a certain rule of evolution and forms different paths and modes in the process of development and diffusion. Society operates in a technological way, reflects the pursuit of efficiency and accuracy. The differentiation of social functions, bureaucratic management, legalization of the system and the monetization of the economy have become the social condition that maintains technicalization of modern society.

 

The second chapter reviews the historical evolution of modern social technicailization. The modern social technicalization is based on modern technology, its development has experienced the initial stage, the establishment period, the globalization era and the intellectualization era. Based on different technologies, construct the form of production organization and production process in the economic field. Socio-technical systems in the economic sphere have been extended to other social with success, so as to shape different era of social technicaliztion outlook.

 

The third chapter mainly analyze the effects of social technicalization. Modern social technicalization is based on modern technology and follow certain technical rules to build, operate in accordance with certain technical concepts. It is more orderly and efficient than any previous society. The convenience brought by modern social technicalization can be directly felt by individuals in this era. But it is a complex process, it also dericed a series of negative effects. It is mainly manifested in two spects: the coming of risk society and the technical problem of human being. Risk society is a new stage of modernity, the existence of technical riak is not only the cause of its arrival, but also constitutes the basic characteristics of this society. The problem of human technicalization is mainly manifested in the highly developed information media, people are lost in the flood of information and suffer from anxiety caused by information selection. Ubiqution cameras place human behavior in a technological context, become a disciplined body. With the progress of intelligent technology and the deepening of people’s materialization, the dependence on technology leads to the increasingly technical thinking.

The fourth chapter mainly explore the culture accommodation of modern social

technicalization. The derivative effect in the process of social technicalization is mainly brought by the excessive expansion of technical rationality. In the process of technological rationality, caused the conflict between technology and culture. Therefore, it is an inevitable choice to explore the adaptation of modern social technology from the perspective of culture. It needs to be carried out from the four aspects: ethical accommodation, legal regulation, improvement of education system, culture remodeling of people.

 

Key words: social technology;  social technicalization;  risk society;

technological people;  cultural accommodation.


 

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